Given below are two statements: Statement I: In svartha Anumana (inference for…
2022
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In svartha Anumana (inference for oneself) we do not require a formal statement of the different members of inference, according to Nyaya view of inference.
Statement II: Svartha Anumana is a psychological process.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer: A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct — ConceptNyāya distinguishes inference for oneself (svārthānumāna) from inference for others (parārthānumāna). Self-inference is an internal cognitive process,…
- A.
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
- B.
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
- C.
Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
- D.
Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Concept
Nyāya distinguishes inference for oneself (svārthānumāna) from inference for others (parārthānumāna). Self-inference is an internal cognitive process, whereas other-directed inference is expressed through a formal five-member argument.
Application
Statement I concerns svārthānumāna. Because the inference occurs for one’s own understanding, its inferential members need not be presented as a formal five-part statement.
Statement II concerns the mode in which svārthānumāna occurs. It is cognition arising within the reasoner and is therefore a psychological process.
Cross-check and contrast
The audience provides the cross-check: an inward cognitive transition needs no public proof sequence, while an inference intended to convince another person must be expressed.
Svārthānumāna belongs to the reasoner’s own cognition, so its inferential members may remain implicit.
Parārthānumāna is communicative, so Nyāya presents it through the proposition, reason, example, application, and conclusion.
Therefore, both Statement I and Statement II are correct.