Given below are two statements: Assertion A: There are certain psychological…
2022
Given below are two statements:
Assertion A: There are certain psychological conditions under which inference takes place.
Reason R: Absence of positive knowledge and will to infer its presence or absence are prerequisites for inference to be drawn.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A — ConceptInference has both a logical side and a psychological side. Logically, premises must support a conclusion; psychologically, a thinker must be in a…
- A.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B.
Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
- C.
A is true but R is false
- D.
A is false but R is true
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Concept
Inference has both a logical side and a psychological side. Logically, premises must support a conclusion; psychologically, a thinker must be in a condition that prompts the move from what is known to what is to be established.
In the classical account of pakṣatā, this condition includes the absence of settled positive knowledge about the target fact and the will to determine whether that fact is present or absent.
Application
Assertion A gives the general claim that inference occurs under certain psychological conditions. Reason R names those conditions: a lack of settled positive knowledge and a will to infer. Thus R supplies the specific basis for A.
Contrast
Accepting both statements while denying the explanatory link overlooks that R specifies the very kind of psychological condition stated generally in A.
Accepting A while rejecting R separates the general claim from the two conditions used here to instantiate it.
Accepting R while rejecting A is inconsistent, because treating the stated prerequisites as operative already concedes that inference has psychological conditions.
Result
Therefore, both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.