CS Fundamentals

473 articles in this topic

CSMA/CD and ALOHA for GATE: Efficiency and Minimum Frame Size Numericals Solved

Separate one-way delay from round-trip delay, then solve the standard CSMA/CD frame-size and ALOHA throughput numericals step by step.

Updated 24 Aug 20265 min readComputer Networks

Basic Blocks, Loops and Optimization Methods in Compiler Design: A Worked Example

Follow one three-address-code fragment from leader identification to a natural loop, then verify how invariant motion and strength reduction preserve its result.

Updated 24 Aug 20266 min readCompiler Design

Graph Traversal: Walk, Trail, Path, Circuit and Connectivity with Worked Examples

Use one six-vertex graph to distinguish walks, trails, paths, circuits and cycles. Then test reachability, components and a bridge with exact sequences.

Updated 24 Aug 20265 min readEngineering Mathematics

Threads and Process Creation in OS: fork() Worked Examples

See exactly what processes and threads own, then trace copy-on-write, a conditional fork tree, and a shared-counter race without relying on shortcuts.

Updated 24 Aug 20266 min readOperating Systems

SQL in DBMS: Complete Guide with Queries, Joins and Worked Results

Learn SQL by following one college database from table creation to joins, aggregates, subqueries, and transactions. Every worked query includes the rows you should predict.

Updated 24 Aug 20266 min readDBMS

Complexity Theory in Theory of Computation: P, NP, NP-Completeness and Worked Examples

Build complexity theory from input encoding upwards, then test each idea through a verified certificate and a complete 9-vertex reduction graph.

Updated 24 Aug 20266 min readTheory of Computation

IEEE 754 Floating-Point Standard: Binary32, Rounding and Worked Examples

Learn how IEEE 754 stores floating-point values, then encode -13.25, decode 0x3F400000, classify special values and reason about rounding errors.

Updated 23 Aug 20266 min read65 viewsComputer Organization & Architecture

Digital India and e-Governance: Models, Service Architecture and Worked ICT Examples

See how an e-governance service works from request to decision. Follow a fictional application, calculate workload and uptime, and test its controls.

Updated 23 Aug 20265 min readDigital Logic

Dynamic Memory Allocation, Macros, Scoping and File Handling in C: Worked Examples

Trace four C concepts through code: grow an array without losing ownership, expand macros safely, resolve shadowed names, and process file records by return status.

Updated 23 Aug 20266 min readC Programming & Data Structures

IPv4 and Network Layer Protocols: Complete Guide with Worked Examples for GATE CS

Build a clear picture of IPv4, its support protocols and the header calculations that matter in GATE CS. Includes a complete fragmentation example.

Updated 23 Aug 20266 min read55 viewsComputer Networks

Left Factoring in Compiler Design: Prefix Rules, Worked Grammars and Exam Traps

Learn how to find a useful common prefix, factor a grammar to a fixed point, preserve empty suffixes, and test what the result does and does not prove.

Updated 23 Aug 20265 min readCompiler Design

3D Object Representation, Geometric Transformations and Viewing: A Worked Pipeline

Track three vertices through a complete 3D graphics pipeline. The worked example makes matrix order, camera depth and viewport conversion explicit.

Updated 22 Aug 20266 min readEngineering Mathematics